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Management Psychology.d

Management Psychology.d

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80 вопросов Вариант 1 Доступ 7 дней
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Вопросы и варианты

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Вопрос 1

I/O Psychology is a branch of psychology that _____ in the workplace.

  1. treats psychological disorders
  2. applies the principles of psychology
  3. provides therapy to employees
  4. all of these equally define I/O psychology
Вопрос 2

I/O psychologists who are involved in ________ study and practice in such areas as employee selection, job analysis, and job evaluation.

  1. personnel psychology
  2. organizational psychology
  3. training and development
  4. human factors
Вопрос 3

The study of leadership is part of:

  1. personnel psychology
  2. training and development
  3. human factors
  4. organizational psychology
Вопрос 4

I/O Psychology first started about:

  1. 1840
  2. 1938
  3. 1903
  4. 1957
Вопрос 5

Which of the following is the reason for WHY a study obtains certain results?

  1. Hypothesis
  2. Idea
  3. Postulation
  4. Theory
Вопрос 6

If researchers have trouble forming a hypothesis, they:

  1. can't conduct their study
  2. wait until more research is available
  3. conduct an exploratory study
  4. guess about the outcome of a study
Вопрос 7

Conducting a literature review means:

  1. reading the classics
  2. seeing if similar research has been conducted
  3. assessing a study's reading level
  4. calling other researchers for their opinion
Вопрос 8

After organizational change has occurred, what is the first step in assessing the new culture?

  1. Determining executive direction
  2. Training
  3. Evaluation
  4. Needs assessment
Вопрос 9

The Harvard Business Review is an example of a:

  1. journal
  2. trade magazine
  3. magazine
  4. bridge publication
Вопрос 10

What field research gains in _______ it loses in _______.

  1. control / external validity
  2. power / control
  3. internal validity / power
  4. external validity / control
Вопрос 11

The gathering, analyzing, and structuring of information about a job’s components, characteristics, and requirements is a process called:

  1. task analysis
  2. job analysis
  3. surveying
  4. job description
Вопрос 12

The _______ is the process of determining the work activities and requirements, and the _______ is the written result.

  1. job analysis / job description
  2. job description / job analysis
  3. job evaluation / job description
  4. job analysis / job evaluation
Вопрос 13

Which of the following practical uses of job analysis may discover lapses in organizational communication?

  1. Training
  2. Personpower planning
  3. Organizational analysis
  4. Performance appraisal
Вопрос 14

Which of the following sections in a thorough job description can be used in help wanted advertisements, internal job posting, and company brochures?

  1. Job title
  2. Brief summary
  3. Work activities
  4. Work context
Вопрос 15

Which of the following is another name for a job competency?

  1. Work context
  2. Job factors
  3. Training requirements
  4. KSAOs
Вопрос 16

Which of the following is the most common method of conducting a job analysis?

  1. Observation
  2. Task analysis
  3. Interview
  4. Job participation
Вопрос 17

The ___ is an excellent job analysis method for information about tools and equipment.

  1. JCI
  2. PAQ
  3. F-JAS
  4. AET
Вопрос 18

Which of the following job analysis techniques is NOT a good source of information about competencies?

  1. CIT
  2. F-JAS
  3. AET
  4. TTA
Вопрос 19

The ______ is the job analysis method created by the federal government to replace the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT).

  1. FJA
  2. PAQ
  3. AET
  4. O*NET
Вопрос 20

The ___ is an excellent job analysis method for obtaining the physical abilities needed to perform a job.

  1. JCI
  2. PAQ
  3. F-JAS
  4. AET
Вопрос 21

_____ is the process of attracting people with the right qualifications to apply for the job.

  1. Job analysis
  2. Recruitment
  3. Interviewing
  4. Selection
Вопрос 22

An organization has difficulty getting enough qualified applicants from its existing employees to fill a vacant position. As a result, the organization seeks qualified applicants from outside the organization. This best exemplifies:

  1. agency recruitment
  2. internal recruitment
  3. external recruitment
  4. personnel selection
Вопрос 23

Based on the available research, which of the following recruitment strategies may enhance employee morale and motivation?

  1. Job analysis
  2. Internal recruitment
  3. External recruitment
  4. Use of electronic media
Вопрос 24

Which recruitment method is based on the same principles used to market products to consumers?

  1. Newspaper advertisements
  2. Point-of-purchase methods
  3. Campus recruiters
  4. Employment agencies
Вопрос 25

One of the concessionaires in Yellowstone National Park offers its employees a financial incentive for recommending applicants who are subsequently hired and remain on the job for a specific period of time. This BEST exemplifies:

  1. internal recruitment
  2. external recruitment
  3. an employee referral program
  4. a situation-wanted recruitment approach
Вопрос 26

The most commonly used method to select employees is:

  1. employment interviews
  2. psychological tests
  3. physical tests
  4. letters of recommendations
Вопрос 27

Interview questions such as, “Why should I hire you” and “What college subjects do you like best” demonstrate which negative aspect of unstructured interviews?

  1. Lack of job relatedness
  2. Contrast effects
  3. Primacy effects
  4. Recency effects
Вопрос 28

In a structured interview, if an applicant gets a point for each part of an answer that taps a main point, she is being scored using the ____ approach.

  1. key issues
  2. typical answer
  3. criterion validity
  4. Garcia and Perez
Вопрос 29

Cover letters should never be longer than:

  1. 1 page
  2. 1/2 page
  3. length doesn't matter
  4. 2 pages
Вопрос 30

How many paragraphs does the typical cover letter contain?

  1. Four
  2. Three
  3. Five
  4. One
Вопрос 31

_______ is the systematic acquisition of skills, rules, concepts, or attitudes that result in improved performance.

  1. Training
  2. Motivation
  3. Job analysis
  4. Stress management
Вопрос 32

Conducting a _______ analysis is the first step in developing an employee training system.

  1. organizational
  2. demographic
  3. task
  4. needs
Вопрос 33

Which of the following types of needs analysis has the purpose of determining factors that either facilitate or inhibit training effectiveness?

  1. Organizational
  2. Demographic
  3. Task
  4. Person
Вопрос 34

A task analysis conducted as part of a training needs assessment is made easier if:

  1. a person analysis is conducted first
  2. job descriptions are available
  3. training has previously been conducted
Вопрос 35

Using _______ are perhaps the easiest method of person analysis.

  1. performance appraisal scores
  2. surveys
  3. interviews
  4. skill and knowledge tests
Вопрос 36

The type of person analysis that yields in-depth answers about training needs and more clearly reveals employee feelings and attitudes is the ________.

  1. survey
  2. skill and knowledge test
  3. performance appraisal score
  4. interview
Вопрос 37

Modeling is a very useful training method. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of someone we would model?

  1. Similarity
  2. Success
  3. Status
  4. Personality
Вопрос 38

Which training method allows trainees to experience working in many or all of the jobs in an organization, allows for greater flexibility in replacing absent workers, and helps improve job satisfaction?

  1. Role playing
  2. Behavior modeling
  3. Job rotation
  4. Apprentice training
Вопрос 39

Skill-based pay is primarily a(n) _______ method.

  1. goal setting
  2. incentive
  3. feedback
  4. modeling
Вопрос 40

Giving employees a 100-item test after they complete a training program is an example of which of the following training evaluation criteria?

  1. Content validity
  2. Employee learning
  3. Application of training
  4. Employee reactions
Вопрос 41

Organizational _______ is/are the formal system of task and job reporting relationships that determine(s) how employees use resources to achieve organizational goals.

  1. design
  2. culture
  3. structure
  4. strategy
  5. values
Вопрос 42

_______ is the combination of skills, knowledge, machines, and computers that are used to produce and distribute goods and services.

  1. Human resources
  2. Technology
  3. Organizational design
  4. Job design
  5. Strategy
Вопрос 43

Task _______ is the degree to which programmed solutions are available to people or functions to solve the problems they encounter.

  1. flexibility
  2. specialization
  3. autonomy
  4. variety
  5. analyzability
Вопрос 44

_______ is the process by which managers decide how to divide tasks into a specific division of labor.

  1. Job design
  2. Job enlargement
  3. Span of control
  4. Task analyzability
  5. Job integration
Вопрос 45

The goal of the job design process is to

  1. place employees in specific positions.
  2. create an efficient division of labor among employees.
  3. reduce the number of roles available.
  4. increase the number of tasks performed by each employee.
  5. minimize job specialization
Вопрос 46

_______ is increasing the number of different tasks in a given job by changing the division of labor.

  1. Job simplification
  2. Job enlargement
  3. Job enrichment
  4. Span of control
  5. Job autonomy
Вопрос 47

_______ is the degree to which a position requires a worker to use a wide range of knowledge and abilities.

  1. Task identity
  2. Task significance
  3. Job autonomy
  4. Skill variety
  5. Job feedback
Вопрос 48

A(n) _______ culture develops an emphasis on close supervision and hierarchical authority.

  1. adaptive
  2. self-managed
  3. inert
  4. normative
  5. ethical
Вопрос 49

A large, multidomestic organization recently adopted a geographic structure, with numerous divisions. What mechanism would best increase communication and coordination between divisions in this complex structure?

  1. liaison roles
  2. task forces
  3. cross-functional teams
  4. integrating roles
  5. ad-hoc committees
Вопрос 50

When designing an organizational structure in a business with high levels of uncertainty, a(n) _______ structure is best.

  1. adaptive
  2. job simplification
  3. tall organizational
  4. mechanistic
  5. inert
Вопрос 51

The statement "It's not fair to pay a bad employee the same amount of money as an excellent employee" exemplifies the need for accurate performance appraisals in:

  1. determining salary increases
  2. making promotion decisions
  3. employee training and feedback
  4. training needs assessment
Вопрос 52

Which of the following is the most important use of performance evaluation results?

  1. Employee compensation
  2. Employee promotion
  3. Employee training and feedback
  4. Personnel research
Вопрос 53

Whereas supervisors see the _______ of an employees effort, peers often see the _______.

  1. actual behavior / end result
  2. end result / actual behavior
  3. physical part / mental part
  4. mental part / physical part
Вопрос 54

Which of the following performance appraisal evaluators is not common or well regarded by managers?

  1. Supervisor
  2. Peer
  3. Subordinate
  4. Customer
Вопрос 55

According to most research, subordinate feedback results in:

  1. higher supervisor turnover
  2. bad feelings among employees
  3. increased supervisor performance
  4. subordinates being fired
Вопрос 56

Self-appraisals of performance appear to be most accurate when the purpose of the self-appraisal is for:

  1. promotions
  2. salary increases
  3. administrative purposes
  4. research
Вопрос 57

According to your text, a performance appraisal instrument focuses on many areas. Which of the following is NOT one of the areas listed in your text?

  1. Traits
  2. Competencies
  3. Tasks
  4. Cognition
Вопрос 58

Which of the following performance appraisal dimensions focuses on what an employee accomplishes?

  1. Traits
  2. Behaviors
  3. Goals
  4. Cognition
Вопрос 59

An employee's attendance can be separated into several different criteria. According to your text, which of the following is NOT a criteria used to measure attendance?

  1. Absenteeism
  2. Resignations
  3. Tardiness
  4. Tenure
Вопрос 60

The most common type of rating scale is the _______scale.

  1. behavioral anchored rating
  2. behavioral observation
  3. graphic rating
  4. forced choice rating
Вопрос 61

_______ is the process by which a person exerts influence over others and inspires, motivates, and directs their activities.

  1. Empowerment
  2. Consideration
  3. Leadership
  4. Benchmarking
  5. Management
Вопрос 62

_______ are those organization members who establish and implement procedures and processes to ensure smooth functioning and are accountable for goal accomplishment.

  1. Leaders
  2. Employees
  3. Trainees
  4. Facilitators
  5. Managers
Вопрос 63

A servant leader is most likely to

  1. tightly monitor employees and make frequent demands of them to serve the organization.
  2. expect followers to accept and implement decisions without questioning.
  3. focus on the needs of the organization being served, rather than on followers' needs.
  4. focus on his or her own personal well-being rather than on the needs of others.
  5. focus on listening to and motivating employees.
Вопрос 64

Legitimate power

  1. fosters high performance if used often and consistently.
  2. respects employee dignity and is highly ethical.
  3. is heavily influenced by personal leadership style.
  4. helps clarify expectations between managers and employees.
  5. is a cornerstone of effective leadership.
Вопрос 65

To be effective as a manager, one should use coercive power

  1. sparingly because it can cause employees stress.
  2. occasionally as it can be too expensive.
  3. to control employee behavior.
  4. to ensure employees meet department goals on time.
  5. use coercive power frequently to standardize employee outputs.
Вопрос 66

_______ are the two basic leader behaviors identified by the behavior model of leadership.

  1. Intrinsic and extrinsic
  2. Instrumental and terminal
  3. Task-structure and task-orientation
  4. Rewarding and coercing
  5. Consideration and initiating structure
Вопрос 67

_______ models propose that whether a leader who possesses certain traits or performs certain behaviors is effective depends on the situation or context.

  1. Trait
  2. Contingency
  3. Empowerment
  4. Behavior
  5. Structural
Вопрос 68

According to the path–goal theory, achievement-oriented behaviors

  1. support employees who are experiencing high levels of stress.
  2. motivate employees to perform at the highest level possible.
  3. clear a subordinate's path of challenges and obstacles.
  4. express care and concern for employees.
  5. are most effective when applied to employees who are not highly motivated.
Вопрос 69

Setting goals and assigning tasks are considered _______ behaviors in the context of path–goal theory.

  1. directive
  2. supportive
  3. relationship-oriented
  4. affiliation-oriented
  5. instrumental
Вопрос 70

A high level of _______ may help leaders develop a vision for their organizations, motivate their employees to commit to this vision, and energize them to enthusiastically work to achieve this vision.

  1. emotional intelligence
  2. expectancy
  3. reward power
  4. coercive power
  5. consideration
Вопрос 71

A manager who asks such questions as "Why are we doing this?" and "How and when did we start doing this?" is:

  1. a whiner
  2. ready to downsize the organization
  3. about to reorganize a work unit
  4. conducting a sacred cow hunt
Вопрос 72

Bill is required to complete five forms for every request he makes. Bill is upset because he considers theses forms to be examples of a:

  1. meeting cow
  2. Holstein cow
  3. speed cow
  4. paper cow
Вопрос 73

Which of the following would most likely say If it's broke, I'll help fix it?

  1. Change analyst
  2. Change agent
  3. Receptive changer
  4. Change resister
Вопрос 74

According to Denton (1996), what is the first step in implementing change?

  1. Communicating details
  2. Creating an atmosphere for change
  3. Determining a time frame for change
  4. Assessing training needs
Вопрос 75

After organizational change has occurred, what is the first step in assessing the new culture?

  1. Determining executive direction
  2. Training
  3. Evaluation
  4. Needs assessment
Вопрос 76

Which of the following is NOT a step in changing organizational culture?

  1. Socializing new employees
  2. Creating dissatisfaction with the old culture
  3. Avoiding rituals
  4. Hiring people compatible with the new culture
Вопрос 77

According to Sherriton and Stern (1997), what is the fifth and final step in assessing the new culture following organizational change?

  1. Needs assessment
  2. Determining executive direction
  3. Training
  4. Evaluation of the new culture
Вопрос 78

Survivors of layoffs:

  1. tend to quickly leave the company
  2. are more apt to take risks
  3. have lower role ambiguity
  4. lose self-confidence
Вопрос 79

To reduce misunderstandings about levels of control, _______ should be used.

  1. the Vroom-Yetton model
  2. the two-factor theory
  3. empowerment charts
  4. memos and e-mail
Вопрос 80

Most companies that downsize:

  1. reduce expenses
  2. have fewer disability claims
  3. have increased productivity
  4. do not increase their financial success