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Consumer Behavior Management.d

Consumer Behavior Management.d

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80 вопросов Вариант 1 Доступ 7 дней
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Вопросы и варианты

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Вопрос 1

________ is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.

  1. Psychology
  2. Consumer behavior
  3. Demographics
  4. Marketing
Вопрос 2

Which of the following is NOT an application of consumer behavior?

  1. human resource management
  2. marketing strategy
  3. social marketing
  4. informed consumers
Вопрос 3

________ is the application of marketing strategies and tactics to alter or create behaviors that have a positive effect on the targeted individuals or society as a whole.

  1. Social marketing
  2. Ethical marketing
  3. Proactive marketing
  4. Regulation
Вопрос 4

To survive in a competitive environment, an organization must provide its target customers more ________ than is provided to them by its competition.

  1. service
  2. product
  3. value
  4. attention
Вопрос 5

How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers?

  1. by offering more variations of a product
  2. by conducting market research
  3. by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does
  4. by offering extended warranty coverage on products
Вопрос 6

Marketing strategy begins with ________.

  1. market segmentation
  2. targeting
  3. conducting a market analysis
  4. conducting an outcomes assessment
Вопрос 7

Tracking consumers' online activity and delivering specific banner ads based on that activity is known as ________.

  1. blogging
  2. behavioral targeting
  3. clickstream
  4. spam
Вопрос 8

What is the first step in market segmentation?

  1. select an attractive segment to serve
  2. identify product-related need sets
  3. set objectives for segmenting
  4. describe each group
Вопрос 9

The segment(s) within the larger market on which an organization will focus its marketing effort is referred to as the ________.

  1. customer set
  2. target market
  3. primary market
  4. need set
Вопрос 10

A(n) ________ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need.

  1. product
  2. outcome
  3. end state
  4. satisfier
Вопрос 11

Many Jeep owners elect to become members of a Jeep ________ and attend brand fests such as Jeep Jamboree, Jeep 101, and Camp Jeep.

  1. community
  2. speedway-sponsored event
  3. insurance policy
  4. exchange
  5. A and B
Вопрос 12

Two or more individuals who share a set of norms, values, or beliefs and have certain implicitly or explicitly defined relationships to one another such that their behaviors are interdependent is known as a(n) _______

  1. generation
  2. family
  3. organization
  4. cohort
  5. group
Вопрос 13

Which type of group's presumed perspectives or values are being used by an individual as the basis for his or her current behavior?

  1. community group
  2. cohort group
  3. reference group
  4. modeling group
  5. generation group
Вопрос 14

Which type of reference group influence occurs when an individual fulfills group expectations to gain a direct reward or to avoid a sanction?

  1. transient
  2. normative
  3. identification
  4. informational
  5. permanent
Вопрос 15

Which of the following is NOT a criterion used to classify groups?

  1. membership
  2. strength of social tie
  3. type of contact
  4. attraction
  5. number of members
Вопрос 16

Which type of group includes family and friends and involves strong ties and frequent interaction?

  1. consumer group
  2. intimate group
  3. secondary group
  4. reference group
  5. primary group
Вопрос 17

Which type of group includes organizations such as professional associations and neighborhood associations that involve relatively weak ties and less frequent interaction among its members?

  1. cohort group
  2. work group
  3. secondary group
  4. tertiary group
  5. primary group
Вопрос 18

Which type of influence occurs when an individual uses the behaviors and opinions of reference group members as potentially useful bits of information?

  1. transient
  2. identification
  3. normative
  4. informational
  5. substantive
Вопрос 19

A distinctive subgroup of society that self-selects on the basis of a shared commitment to a particular product class, brand, or consumption activity is known as a ________.

  1. purchase consortium
  2. dissociative reference group
  3. consumption subculture
  4. cohort group
  5. clone group
Вопрос 20

Samantha and Greg have owned an MG for several years and enjoy taking road trips through the Rockies with other MG owners every year. Which characteristic of brand communities does this illustrate?

  1. similarity
  2. rituals and traditions
  3. consumers of kind
  4. brand traditions
  5. brand festing
Вопрос 21

Perception is a process that begins with consumer exposure and attention to marketing stimuli and ends with consumer ________.

  1. interpretation
  2. attitudes
  3. acceptance
  4. action
  5. behavior
Вопрос 22

________ is a series of activities by which stimuli are perceived, transformed into information, and stored.

  1. Interpretation
  2. Selective exposure
  3. Perception
  4. Information processing
  5. Perceptual exposure
Вопрос 23

________ occurs when a stimulus is placed within a person's relevant environment and comes within range of their sensory receptor nerves.

  1. Interpretation
  2. Exposure
  3. Perception
  4. Attention
  5. Perceptual offense
Вопрос 24

________ occurs when one fast-forwards through a commercial on a prerecorded program, and ________ involves switching channels when a commercial appears.

  1. Muting; avoiding
  2. Zapping; muting
  3. Zipping; zapping
  4. Zapping; zipping
  5. Zipping; muting
Вопрос 25

Barry decided he needs a new car, so he started looking at commercials on television and ads in magazines as well as visiting several websites. What type of exposure does this represent?

  1. nonvoluntary
  2. selective
  3. considered
  4. voluntary
  5. involuntary
Вопрос 26

________ occurs when the stimulus activates one or more sensory receptor nerves, and the resulting sensations go to the brain for processing.

  1. Attention
  2. Interpretation
  3. Perception
  4. Selection
  5. Exposure
Вопрос 27

________ indicates motivation or interest in a specific product category, and it can be temporary or enduring.

  1. Cognition
  2. Product involvement
  3. Focused attention
  4. Ability
  5. Interest
Вопрос 28

________ refers to the capacity of individuals to attend to and process information.

  1. Motivation
  2. Ability
  3. Aptitude
  4. Intelligence
  5. IQ
Вопрос 29

________ represents the density of stimuli in the environment.

  1. Program involvement
  2. Intensity
  3. Isolation
  4. Clutter
  5. Repetition
Вопрос 30

Sam doesn't know much about digital video recorders, so when he went shopping for one, he decided on the model that had the highest price and the best warranty as well as one he had seen a lot of advertising for. Sam used these factors as ________.

  1. just noticeable difference cues
  2. choice determinants
  3. quality signals
  4. inferential variables
  5. sensory cues
Вопрос 31

Any change in the content or organization of long-term memory or behavior is known as ________.

  1. information processing
  2. learning
  3. repositioning
  4. cognition
  5. marketing
Вопрос 32

________ is the total accumulation of prior learning experiences.

  1. Information processing
  2. Brand equity
  3. Memory
  4. Positioning
  5. Brand image
Вопрос 33

Which component of memory is also referred to as working memory and is that portion of total memory that is currently activated or in use?

  1. primary memory
  2. long-term memory
  3. transient memory
  4. short-term memory
  5. secondary memory
Вопрос 34

Which of the following refers to the continual repetition of a piece of information in order to hold it in current memory for use in problem solving or transferal to long-term memory?

  1. scripts
  2. maintenance rehearsal
  3. chunking
  4. schema
  5. imagery
Вопрос 35

Which type of processing involves the recall and mental manipulation of sensory images, including sight, smell, taste, and tactile (touch) sensations?

  1. transient processing
  2. episodic processing
  3. mental processing
  4. imagery processing
  5. conditioned processing
Вопрос 36

Which type of memory is viewed as an unlimited, permanent storage that can store numerous types of information such as concepts, decision rules, processes, affective (emotional) states, and so forth?

  1. episodic memory
  2. secondary memory
  3. primary memory
  4. short-term memory
  5. long-term memory
Вопрос 37

The basic knowledge and feelings an individual has about a concept are known as ________.

  1. semantic memory
  2. conditioned memory
  3. episodic memory
  4. accessible memory
  5. primary memory
Вопрос 38

Which of the following is the primary determinant of how material is learned?

  1. age
  2. education level
  3. level of involvement
  4. occupation
  5. gender
Вопрос 39

High-involvement learning often involves ________.

  1. analytical reasoning
  2. classical conditioning
  3. iconic rote learning
  4. all of the above
  5. none of the above
Вопрос 40

________ attempts to create an association between a stimulus (e.g., brand name) and some response (e.g., behavior or feeling).

  1. Iconic rote conditioning
  2. Vicarious conditioning
  3. Analogous conditioning
  4. Modeled conditioning
  5. Classical conditioning
Вопрос 41

The energizing force that activates behavior and provides purpose and direction to that behavior is known as ________.

  1. motivation
  2. emotion
  3. personality
  4. perception
  5. needs
Вопрос 42

Which of the following reflects the relatively stable behavioral tendencies that individuals display across a variety of situations?

  1. personality
  2. emotion
  3. needs
  4. motivation
  5. perception
Вопрос 43

Strong, relatively uncontrollable feelings that affect our behavior are known as ________.

  1. personality
  2. motivations
  3. emotions
  4. needs
  5. perceptions
Вопрос 44

Which of the following is a motivational state caused by consumer perceptions that a product, brand, or advertisement is relevant or interesting?

  1. want
  2. involvement
  3. action
  4. need
  5. desire
Вопрос 45

Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes all EXCEPT which of the following?

  1. physiological
  2. safety
  3. cognition
  4. belongingness
  5. Testgen questions still do not copy to other applications.esteem
Вопрос 46

________ motives deal with the need to reach satisfying feeling states and to obtain personal goals.

  1. Safety-oriented
  2. Advancement-oriented
  3. Affective
  4. Cognitive
  5. Preservation-oriented
Вопрос 47

________ is an individual's characteristic response tendencies across similar situations.

  1. Empathy
  2. Motivation
  3. Involvement
  4. Emotion
  5. Personality
Вопрос 48

Dolly prefers to be in a large group rather than alone. She is talkative when with others and is very bold. Which personality trait best describes Dolly?

  1. openness to experience
  2. agreeableness
  3. extroversion
  4. conscientiousness
  5. instability
Вопрос 49

A set of human characteristics that become associated with a brand is referred to as ________.

  1. brand image
  2. brand personality
  3. brand equity
  4. brand positioning
  5. brand leverage
Вопрос 50

Which of the following is a characteristic associated with emotions?

  1. Emotions are not associated with behaviors.
  2. Emotions are often triggered by environmental events.
  3. Emotions occur independently from physiological changes.
  4. Emotions involve objective feelings.
  5. All of the above are associated with emotions.
Вопрос 51

A learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favorable or unfavorable manner with respect to a given object is known as a(n) ________.

  1. attribute
  2. belief
  3. cognition
  4. attitude
  5. emotion
Вопрос 52

Quaker Oats contains zero milligrams of sodium. This is an example of what type of belief?

  1. feature belief
  2. conspicuous belief
  3. benefit belief
  4. inherent belief
  5. dominant belief
Вопрос 53

Which component of attitudes consists of a consumer's beliefs about an object?

  1. affective
  2. utilitarian
  3. factual
  4. behavioral
  5. cognitive
Вопрос 54

Feelings or emotional reactions to an object reflect the ________ component of an attitude.

  1. affective
  2. orientation
  3. Testgen questions still do not copy to other applications.cognitive
  4. behavioral
  5. knowledge
Вопрос 55

Which of the following is NOT a factor accounting for inconsistencies between measures of beliefs and feelings and observations of behavior?

  1. lack of ability
  2. weakly held beliefs and affect
  3. failure to consider negative reactions
  4. failure to consider interpersonal influence
  5. lack of need
Вопрос 56

Which of the following is an individual factor that can influence attitude change?

  1. program context
  2. buying occasion
  3. level of viewer distraction
  4. consumer knowledge
  5. all of the above
Вопрос 57

Changing behavior prior to changing affect or cognition is based primarily on ________.

  1. operant conditioning
  2. mere exposure
  3. iconic rote learning
  4. classical conditioning
  5. analytical reasoning
Вопрос 58

Attitude components tend to be ________.

  1. consistent
  2. disparate
  3. inconsistent
  4. irregular
  5. none of the above
Вопрос 59

Which component of attitude represents one's tendency to respond in a certain manner toward an object or activity?

  1. orientation
  2. personality
  3. cognitive
  4. behavioral
  5. affective
Вопрос 60

Appeal characteristics represent ________ a message is communicated.

  1. how
  2. when
  3. the timing by which
  4. where
  5. by whom
Вопрос 61

The increase in product valuation based on "mere" ownership is called

  1. mere touch.
  2. the endowment effect.
  3. loyalty.
  4. the IKEA effect.
  5. the compromise effect.
Вопрос 62

Doubt or anxiety regarding a purchase a consumer has made is known as ________.

  1. postpurchase shame
  2. postpurchase worry
  3. postpurchase fear
  4. postpurchase guilt
  5. postpurchase dissonance
Вопрос 63

Which of the following is NOT an action a consumer may utilize to reduce dissonance?

  1. decrease the desirability of rejected alternatives
  2. decrease the importance of the purchase decision
  3. increase the importance of alternatives that were not considered in the purchase initially
  4. increase the desirability of the brand purchased
  5. reverse the purchase decision (return the product before use)
Вопрос 64

Negative emotions or guilt feelings aroused by the use of a product or a service are referred to as ________.

  1. postpurchase anxiety
  2. consumption anxiety
  3. postpurchase dissonance
  4. consumption guilt
  5. consumption dissonance
Вопрос 65

Using a product in a new way is referred to as ________.

  1. extended use thinking
  2. counterfactual thinking
  3. usage expansion
  4. prefactual thinking
  5. use innovativeness
Вопрос 66

Carl and his family purchased a new home, and the builder left half-empty paint cans in the garage. Carl doesn't know what to do with them because he cannot put them out in the regular trash. Carl is concerned with which of the following with regard to the paint?

  1. use
  2. purchase
  3. disposition
  4. product nonuse
  5. consumption
Вопрос 67

Which type of sale occurs when one consumer sells a product directly to another with or without the assistance of a commercial intermediary?

  1. personal sale
  2. direct-to-consumer sale
  3. private sale
  4. direct marketing
  5. consumer-to-consumer sale
Вопрос 68

An outlet or brand whose performance confirms a low-performance expectation generally will result in ________.

  1. dissatisfaction
  2. satisfaction
  3. anger
  4. elation
  5. nonsatisfaction
Вопрос 69

Which of the following means that the consumer is enthusiastic about a particular brand and is somewhat immune to actions by competitors?

  1. market maven
  2. satisfaction
  3. brand fanatic
  4. brand leverage
  5. commitment
Вопрос 70

Failure on a given product or service characteristic often has a stronger effect on consumers than success on that same characteristic. This is known as ________.

  1. financial failure
  2. technology bias
  3. negativity bias
  4. customer failure
  5. service design flaw
Вопрос 71

Which of the following is a major concern regarding legal and ethical behavior with respect to marketing communications?

  1. the media used to deliver the ad
  2. the effectiveness of the ad
  3. the tastefulness of the ad
  4. the creativity of the ad
  5. the accuracy of the information provided
Вопрос 72

Which of the following is FALSE regarding what drives businesses?

  1. Branding doesn't matter.
  2. Small and moderate sized businesses have a lot of potential.
  3. Personal relationships matter.
  4. Businesses are consumers.
  5. None of the above is false.
Вопрос 73

Firmographics, culture, government, reference groups, and marketing activities are ________ influences on organizational buyer behavior.

  1. secondary
  2. insignificant
  3. external
  4. internal
  5. primary
Вопрос 74

Which of the following is an internal influence on organizational buyer behavior?

  1. motives
  2. culture
  3. reference groups
  4. firmographics
  5. all of the above
Вопрос 75

Which of the following is a stage in the organizational decision process?

  1. problem recognition
  2. information search
  3. outlet selection and purchase
  4. alternative evaluation
  5. all of the above
Вопрос 76

The individuals (representing functional areas and management) within an organization who participate in making a given purchase decision make up the ________.

  1. strategic decision unit (SDU)
  2. decision-making unit (DMU)
  3. decision center (D
  4. strategic business unit (SBU)
  5. functional decision unit (FDU)
Вопрос 77

For which stage of the product life cycle is the size of the decision-making unit typically large?

  1. fortification
  2. decline
  3. introduction
  4. growth
  5. maturity
Вопрос 78

For which stage of the product life cycle is the size of the decision-making unit likely to be neither small nor large, but medium?

  1. growth
  2. maturity
  3. fortification
  4. decline
  5. introduction
Вопрос 79

Which term is often used to refer to the organizational culture of a business firm?

  1. corporate culture
  2. lifestyle
  3. internal style
  4. firmographics
  5. corporate style
Вопрос 80

Organizations have a type of self-concept and lifestyle that the text refers to as ________.

  1. organizations structure
  2. organizational culture
  3. organizational ethos
  4. organizational demeanor
  5. none of the above