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Английский язык в профессиональной деятельности.dor_БАК(1 2)_230915_Псх

Английский язык в профессиональной деятельности.dor_БАК(1 2)_230915_Псх — вариант 11

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130 вопросов Вариант 11 Доступ 7 дней
Содержание теста

Вопросы и варианты

Без отметок и подсказок к правильным ответам

Вопрос 1

The … is a complex organ that controls thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, breathing, temperature, hunger and every process that regulates our body. Together, this organ and the spinal cord that extends from it make up the central nervous system, or CNS.

  1. Brain
Вопрос 2

Human … is the potential and expressed capacity (mentally, physically, and socially) of human individuals or groups to respond to internal and external stimuli throughout their life. It is driven by genetic and environmental factors that affect an individual.

  1. Behaviour;;behavior
Вопрос 3

The body’s biological clock is located in the ….

  1. hippocampus
  2. thalamus
  3. hypothalamus
  4. pituitary gland
Вопрос 4

… is one way in which people can reset their biological clocks.

  1. light-dark exposure
  2. coffee consumption
  3. alcohol consumption
  4. napping
Вопрос 5

The … content of a dream refers to the true meaning of the dream.

  1. latent
  2. manifest
  3. collective unconscious
  4. important
Вопрос 6

… is not a dimension of job burnout:

  1. depersonalization
  2. hostility
  3. exhaustion
  4. diminished accomplishment
Вопрос 7

The white blood cells that attack foreign invaders to the body are called ….

  1. antibodies
  2. telomeres
  3. lymphocytes
  4. immune cells
Вопрос 8

Studies of British civil servants have found that those in the lowest status jobs are much more likely to develop heart disease than those who have high status jobs. These findings attest to the importance of … in dealing with stress.

  1. biofeedback
  2. social support
  3. perceived control
  4. emotion-focused coping
Вопрос 9

" … affect" refers to one's propensity to experience positive emotions and interact with others and with life's challenges in a positive way.

  1. Positive
Вопрос 10

Parental and … conflicts have been tied to the development of asthma.

  1. Interpersonal
Вопрос 11

The risk of heart disease is especially high among individuals with … .

  1. Depression
Вопрос 12

… is conceptualized as an enduring state of mind that consists of the capacity to experience pleasure in daily life, as well as the ability to engage one’s skills and talents to enrich one’s life and the lives of others.

  1. happiness
Вопрос 13

In recent years, … psychology has emerged as an area of study seeking to identify and promote qualities that lead to greater happiness and fulfillment in our lives. These components include positive affect, optimism, and flow.

  1. Positive
Вопрос 14

Match the terms with their characteristics:

  1. Beta-endorphin
  2. Dopamine
  3. Serotonin
  4. Pain, pleasure
  5. Mood, sleep, learning
  6. Mood, sleep
Вопрос 15

Match the beginning of phrases with their end:

  1. Increased
  2. Enhanced
  3. Brain
  4. Suppressed
  5. Arousal
  6. Cognition
  7. Function
  8. Appetite
Вопрос 16

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:

  1. clinical psychology is
  2. the area of psychology
  3. that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment
  4. of psychological disorders
  5. and other
  6. problematic patterns of behavior
Вопрос 17

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:

  1. scientists are engaged in
  2. explaining and understanding
  3. how the world around them works,
  4. and they are able to do so
  5. by coming up with theories
  6. that generate hypotheses
  7. that are testable and falsifiable
Вопрос 18

Match the terms with their definition:

  1. Sample
  2. Theory
  3. Participants
  4. Opinion
  5. subset of individuals selected from the larger population
  6. well-developed set of ideas that propose an explanation for observed phenomena
  7. subjects of psychological research
  8. personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate
Вопрос 19

… is the process that allows our brains to take in information via our five senses, which can then be experienced and interpreted by the brain. This process occurs thanks to our five sensory systems: vision, hearing, taste, smell and touch.

  1. Sensation
Вопрос 20

… refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced. It involves both bottom-up and top-down processing.

  1. perception
Вопрос 21

An individual’s consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as a(n) … .

  1. psychosexual stage
  2. object permanence
  3. personality
  4. perception
Вопрос 22

… is most well-known for proposing the concept called the hierarchy of needs.

  1. Noam Chomsky
  2. Carl Rogers
  3. Abraham Maslow
  4. Sigmund Freud
Вопрос 23

‘Psyche’ is a Greek word meaning … .

  1. essence
  2. soul
  3. behaviour
  4. love
Вопрос 24

Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in ….

  1. biology
  2. chemistry
  3. philosophy
  4. physics
Вопрос 25

An approach to psychology focusing on the body, especially on the brain and nervous system is called … .

  1. behavioural
  2. biological
  3. cognitive
  4. biological
Вопрос 26

An approach to psychology emphasizing a person's positive qualities, the capacity of positive growth, and the freedom to choose any destiny is called … .

  1. behavioural
  2. humanistic
  3. cognitive
  4. biological
Вопрос 27

Match the terms with their descriptions:

  1. Introduction
  2. Methods
  3. Results
  4. Conclusions
  5. Overview of the topic
  6. Research questions
  7. Answers to research questions
  8. Summary of main findings
Вопрос 28

Match the parts of the sentences:

  1. Eating disorders
  2. Young women are
  3. Research has been carried out to
  4. Recent advances in information technology have raised
  5. include binge eating.
  6. most commonly affected.
  7. trace changes in eating patterns.
  8. new issues in the field of psychology.
Вопрос 29

Match the beginnings and the endings of the words:

  1. Black-
  2. Un-
  3. Chat-
  4. Vir-
  5. -mail
  6. -moderated
  7. -ter
  8. -tual
Вопрос 30

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence.

  1. in recent years,
  2. as Internet use has spread,
  3. it has become more common
  4. for young people
  5. to meet
  6. their friends
  7. online after school and at the weekend
Вопрос 31

Match linking words and phrases with their use cases:

  1. Because
  2. Also
  3. Nevertheless
  4. As a consequence
  5. Reason
  6. Addition
  7. Contrast
  8. Result
Вопрос 32

The major psychology approaches are the following … (Select 3 correct answers):

  1. Biological
  2. Social learning
  3. Psychodynamic
  4. Tentative
  5. Scientific
Вопрос 33

… research focuses on statistical analysis and aims to find information that can be generalised to the greater population.

  1. Quantitative
Вопрос 34

Put the words in order to make a sentence:

  1. one goal of psychology
  2. is the study of the mind,
  3. and science cannot directly
  4. study the mind,
  5. because it is not a form
  6. of matter or energy
Вопрос 35

… is another name for short-term memory.

  1. sensory memory
  2. episodic memory
  3. working memory
  4. implicit memory
Вопрос 36

The three functions of memory are ….

  1. automatic processing, effortful processing, and storage
  2. encoding, processing, and storage
  3. automatic processing, effortful processing, and retrieval
  4. encoding, storage, and retrieval
Вопрос 37

This physical trace of memory is known as the ….

  1. engram
  2. effect
  3. paradigm
  4. flashbulb
Вопрос 38

An exceptionally clear recollection of an important event is called ….

  1. engram
  2. arousal theory
  3. flashbulb memory
  4. equipotentiality hypothesis
Вопрос 39

… is when our recollections of the past are done in a self-enhancing manner.

  1. stereotypical bias
  2. egocentric bias
  3. hindsight bias
  4. enhancement bias
Вопрос 40

Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is also known as ….

  1. persistence
  2. misattribution
  3. transience
  4. blocking
Вопрос 41

According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, the three stages of memory are … memory, short-term memory, long-term memory.

  1. sensory
Вопрос 42

Match the terms and their definitions:

  1. Bias
  2. Engram
  3. Blocking
  4. Construction
  5. Absentmindedness
  6. how feelings and view of the world distort memory of past events
  7. physical trace of memory
  8. memory error in which you cannot access stored information
  9. formulation of new memories
  10. lapses in memory that are caused by breaks in attention or our focus being somewhere else
Вопрос 43

Match English terms with their meaning in Russian:

  1. Procedural memory
  2. Declarative memory
  3. Semantic memory
  4. Misinformation effect
  5. Transience
  6. Процедурная память
  7. Декларативная память
  8. Семантическая память
  9. Эффект дезинформации
  10. Быстротечность
Вопрос 44

Match the stages of memory and their descriptions:

  1. Short-term memory (STM)
  2. Sensory memory
  3. Long-term memory (LTM)
  4. a temporary storage system that processes incoming sensory memory
  5. a storage of brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes
  6. a continuous storage of information
Вопрос 45

Put words in the right order to make a sentence:

  1. memory
  2. is
  3. an
  4. information
  5. processing
  6. system
Вопрос 46

Put words below in the right order to make a sentence:

  1. encoding
  2. involves
  3. the input
  4. of
  5. information
  6. into
  7. the
  8. memory
  9. system
Вопрос 47

Put these topics in the order they were discussed in the lecture:

  1. Memory
  2. Encoding
  3. Sensory memory
  4. Other types of memory
  5. Parts of the brain that are involved into process of memorizing
  6. Sins of memory
Вопрос 48

Fergus Craik and Endel Tulving conducted a series of experiments to find out which of the three types of encoding would give the best memory of … information.

  1. Verbal
Вопрос 49

… memory is a type of implicit memory: it stores information about how to do things.

  1. procedural
Вопрос 50

Explicit (declarative) memory has two parts: semantic memory and … memory.

  1. Episodic
Вопрос 51

He was searching for evidence of the … : the group of neurons that serve as the “physical representation of memory”.

  1. Engram
Вопрос 52

There also appear to be specific … involved with the process of memory, such as epinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and acetylcholine.

  1. Neurotransmitters
Вопрос 53

Need for … refers to maintaining positive relationships with others.

  1. achievement
  2. affiliation
  3. intimacy
  4. power
Вопрос 54

… proposed the hierarchy of needs.

  1. William James
  2. David McClelland
  3. Abraham Maslow
  4. Albert Bandura
Вопрос 55

… is characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by attempts to compensate for the excessive amount of food that was consumed.

  1. Prader-Willi syndrome
  2. morbid obesity
  3. anorexia nervosa
  4. bulimia nervosa
Вопрос 56

According to your reading, nearly … of the adult population in the United States can be classified as obese.

  1. one half
  2. one third
  3. one fourth
  4. one fifth
Вопрос 57

The following is usually stated about psychologists involved in personality assessment (Select 3 correct answers):

  1. ‘Depth’ psychologists are better at it than some other kinds of psychologist.
  2. Many of them accept that their conclusions are unreliable.
  3. They receive criticism from psychologists not involved in the field.
  4. They have made people realise how hard the subject is.
  5. They have told people what not to do, rather than what they should do.
  6. They keep changing their minds about what the best approaches
Вопрос 58

… is when you look down on somebody derisively or suspiciously. What’s important about the expression is that the lips tighten on one side of the face but not the other.

  1. contempt
Вопрос 59

… involves the raising of the upper lip, and the bridge of the nose wrinkles. We express it about things that make us sick, not those about which we’re derisive or suspicious.

  1. disgust
Вопрос 60

… is also sometimes called Emotional Stability.

  1. neuroticism
Вопрос 61

A high level of … may be useful for jobs that require a great deal of interaction with other people, like public relations, teaching, and sales.

  1. extraversion
Вопрос 62

Each of the … is made up of six facets or sub traits. These can be assessed independently of the trait that they belong to in a personality test.

  1. Big Five personality traits
  2. TTCP test results
  3. Emotional personalities
  4. Natural types
Вопрос 63

Match the terms with their descriptions:

  1. People who like to learn new things and enjoy new experiences usually score high in …. It includes personality traits like being insightful and imaginative and having a wide variety of interests.
  2. People that have a high degree of … are reliable and prompt. Personality traits include being organized, methodic, and thorough.
  3. … get their energy from interacting with others, while introverts get their energy from within themselves. This includes the personality traits of energetic, talkative, and assertive.
  4. Openness
  5. Conscientiousness
  6. Extraversion
Вопрос 64

These statements (“I take control of situations”, “I try to be in charge – to lead others”, “High score: energetic, assertive, cheerful, outgoing, sociable”) describe the following sub-trait:

  1. Friendliness
  2. Gregariousness
  3. Assertiveness
  4. Activity level
Вопрос 65

Choose the right emotional personality types. Select 3 correct answers:

  1. the intellectual
  2. the empath
  3. the rock
  4. gregariousness
  5. assertiveness
Вопрос 66

… bias involves becoming fixated on a single trait of a problem:

  1. anchoring
  2. confirmation
  3. representative
  4. availability
Вопрос 67

The following is NOT one of Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences:

  1. creative
  2. spatial
  3. linguistic
  4. musical
Вопрос 68

When you are examining data to look for trends, the type of intelligence you are using most is:

  1. practical
  2. analytical
  3. emotional
  4. creative
Вопрос 69

The DSM-5 now uses … as a diagnostic label for what was once referred to as mental retardation:

  1. autism and developmental disabilities
  2. lowered intelligence
  3. intellectual disability
  4. cognitive disruption
Вопрос 70

Arthur Jensen believed that …:

  1. genetics was solely responsible for intelligence
  2. environment was solely responsible for intelligence
  3. intelligence level was determined by race
  4. IQ tests do not take socioeconomic status into account
Вопрос 71

Match English terminology and its equivalents in Russian:

  1. Crystallized intelligence
  2. Fluid intelligence
  3. Standardisation
  4. Norming
  5. Flynn effect
  6. Кристаллизовавшийся интеллект
  7. Подвижный интеллект
  8. Стандартизация
  9. Нормирование
  10. Эффект Флинна
Вопрос 72

Match the terms with their equivalents in Russian:

  1. Social skills
  2. Cultural intelligence
  3. Cultural competence
  4. Flynn effect
  5. Intelligence quotient
  6. Социальные навыки
  7. Культурный интеллект
  8. Культурная компетенция
  9. Эффект Флинна
  10. Коэффициент интеллекта
Вопрос 73

Put these topics in the order they appeared in the lecture:

  1. What is intelligence?
  2. Cattell’s theory
  3. Sternberg’s theory
  4. Gardner’s theory
  5. What is IQ?
Вопрос 74

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:

  1. the value
  2. of
  3. IQ testing
  4. is
  5. most
  6. evident
  7. in
  8. educational
  9. or
  10. clinical settings
Вопрос 75

Put the following sentences in the right order:

  1. Analytical intelligence is closely aligned with academic problem solving and computations.
  2. Sternberg says that analytical intelligence is demonstrated by an ability to analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast.
  3. When reading a classic novel for literature class, for example, it is usually necessary to compare the motives of the main characters of the book or analyze the historical context of the story.
  4. In a science course such as anatomy, you must study the processes by which the body uses various minerals in different human systems.
  5. In developing an understanding of this topic, you are using analytical intelligence.
  6. When solving a challenging math problem, you would apply analytical intelligence to analyze different aspects of the problem and then solve it section by section.
Вопрос 76

Robert Sternberg developed another theory of intelligence, which he titled the … theory of intelligence because it sees intelligence as comprising three parts: practical, creative, and analytical intelligence.

  1. Triarchic
Вопрос 77

When you visit such a culture, how well you relate to the values of that culture exemplifies your … intelligence.

  1. Cultural
Вопрос 78

Multiple Intelligences Theory was developed by …, a Harvard psychologist and former student of Erik Erikson.

  1. Gardner;;Howard Gardner
Вопрос 79

… intelligence is characterized as acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it.

  1. crystallized
Вопрос 80

… intelligence encompasses the ability to see complex relationships and solve problems. Navigating your way home after being detoured onto an unfamiliar route because of road construction would draw upon your fluid intelligence.

  1. fluid
Вопрос 81

A self-report checklist of CA2 consists of …

  1. 86 items
  2. 94 items
  3. 96 items
Вопрос 82

JIFT is a self-report for …

  1. 5 to 12 years old
  2. 10 years or older
  3. 1-6 graders
Вопрос 83

The inventor of The NEO Personality Inventory is …

  1. Costa and McCrae
  2. Mednick
  3. Wallach and Kogan
Вопрос 84

Choose two wrong antithetical traits often present in creative people:

  1. Wisdom and childishness
  2. Concentration
  3. Hyperactivity
  4. Imagination
  5. Total arrogance
Вопрос 85

Select components that are important for creativity (select 2 correct answers):

  1. Expertise
  2. Risk taking
  3. Flare
  4. Personalization
Вопрос 86

In everyday life, generating creative ideas is a sign of creative performance and …’s purpose is to measure this idea generation. Ideation involves idea generation and attribution of value to it; thus, it can be an adequate creativity criterion.

  1. RIBS
Вопрос 87

Match the terms with their definitions:

  1. Picture Construction
  2. Picture Completion
  3. Lines/Circles
  4. Guessing Consequences
  5. Just Suppose
  6. Participant uses a basic shape and expands on it to create a picture
  7. Participant is asked to finish and title incomplete drawings
  8. Participant is asked to modify many different series of lines and circles.
  9. Participant lists possible consequences for the pictured action.
  10. Participant is asked to imagine that an improbable situation has happened, then list possible ramifications
Вопрос 88

Match the components of creativity and their definitions:

  1. Expertise
  2. Imaginative thinking
  3. Risk taking
  4. Intrinsic interest
  5. Working in a creative environment
  6. Creative people have carefully studied and know a lot about the topic that they are working on. Creativity comes with a lot of hard work
  7. Creative people often view a problem in a visual way, allowing them to see it from a new and different point of view.
  8. Creative people are willing to take on new but potentially risky approaches
  9. Creative people tend to work on projects because they love doing them, not because they are paid for them. In fact, research has found that people who are paid to be creative are often less creative than those who are not.
  10. Creativity is in part a social phenomenon. Simonton found that the most creative people were supported, aided, and challenged by other people working on similar projects.
Вопрос 89

… is the production of unusual and good responses to problems.

  1. creative thinking
Вопрос 90

Put these topics in the order they were mentioned in the lecture:

  1. Creative thinking is the production of unusual and good responses to problems. This definition of creative thinking is compatible with the definition of critical thinking being used in this article, differing only in that creative thinking requires the use of unusual strategies or skills.
  2. Creativity is often assessed as a function of one’s ability to engage in divergent thinking. Divergent thinking can be described as thinking “outside the box;” it allows an individual to arrive at unique, multiple solutions to a given problem.
  3. Working in a creative environment. Creativity is in part a social phenomenon. Simonton found that the most creative people were supported, aided, and challenged by other people working on similar projects.
  4. Here are the 10 antithetical traits often present in creative people that are integrated with each other in a dialectical tension.
  5. Psychometric measures of creative process and potential have been extensively implied in the field.
Вопрос 91

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:

  1. creative
  2. people
  3. tend to
  4. be
  5. smart
  6. yet
  7. naïve
  8. at
  9. the
  10. same
  11. time
Вопрос 92

Put the main traits of creative people in the order they were mentioned in the lecture:

  1. Physical energy and serenity
  2. General intelligence
  3. Playfulness and discipline
  4. Imagination and fantasy
  5. Extroverted and introverted
  6. Humble and arrogant
  7. Escape rigid gender role
  8. Rebellious and conservative
  9. Passionate about their work but lose interest in a difficult task
  10. Openness and sensitivity
Вопрос 93

Creativity is often assessed as a function of one’s ability to engage in … thinking.

  1. divergent
Вопрос 94

In contrast, … thinking describes the ability to provide a correct or well-established answer or solution to a problem.

  1. convergent
Вопрос 95

It seems that their energy is internally generated, due more to their focused minds than to the superiority of their …

  1. Genes
  2. Intellect
  3. Upbringing
  4. Health
Вопрос 96

Neurons absorb … (select 2 correct answers):

  1. Sugar
  2. Oxygen
  3. Tissue
  4. Calcium
Вопрос 97

When we image something visually, it shows up on the …

  1. Retina
Вопрос 98

“V1” is …

  1. Visual area one
  2. Visual perception
  3. Visual processing
Вопрос 99

The psychologist who developed active imagination is …

  1. Carl Jung
  2. Edward Titchener
  3. Francis Galton
Вопрос 100

Match English terminology and its equivalents in Russian:

  1. Brain areas
  2. Vision system
  3. Retinal neurons
  4. Inferior temporal lobe
  5. Posterior parietal lobe
  6. Visual perception
  7. Visual processing
  8. Spatial processing
  9. Область мозга
  10. Зрительная система
  11. Нейроны сетчатки
  12. Нижняя височная извилина
  13. Задняя теменная кора
  14. Зрительное/визуальное восприятие
  15. Визуальная обработка
  16. Пространственная обработка
Вопрос 101

Match these terms with their Russians equivalents:

  1. Retina
  2. biological reality
  3. inferior temporal lobe
  4. quasi-perceptual episode
  5. Sensory
  6. Delusory
  7. mental phenomenon
  8. Ретина
  9. Биологическая реальность
  10. Нижняя височная извилина
  11. Квази-перцептивная модель
  12. Сенсорный
  13. Иллюзорный
  14. Психическое явление
Вопрос 102

… represents information in one brain state after another, and the further along it goes, the less the pattern resembles the original picture on the retina. It gets more and more abstract. Broadly speaking, from V1, the information takes two paths — one for visual processing and the other for spatial.

  1. visual perception
Вопрос 103

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:

  1. mental
  2. imagery
  3. is
  4. not
  5. imagination
Вопрос 104

One of the first places image information goes is called visual … one that is located in the back of the brain.

  1. area
Вопрос 105

Even this early in the vision system, retinal … are processing some of the information, turning it into something useful for the later neurons.

  1. neurons
Вопрос 106

Imagination is (typically) a … act.

  1. voluntary
Вопрос 107

The concept of mental imagery was first consistently used in the then very new discipline of empirical psychology at the end of the 19th century. At that time, psychologists like Wilhelm … thought of mental imagery as a mental phenomenon characterized by its phenomenology – a quasi-perceptual episode with a certain specific phenomenal feel.

  1. wundt
Вопрос 108

There are also … processes. It’s easier to see what you expect to see, and the mind is constantly guessing at what will come next, and priming early visual areas to make seeing those things easier to do.

  1. Top Down
Вопрос 109

… processing deals with orientation, size, and where things are in space.

  1. Visual
  2. Spatial
  3. Visual
Вопрос 110

In the brain, the visual cortex processes visual information and passes it from lower to higher areas of the brain which is also called … .

  1. “bottom-up” and “top-down”
  2. V1
  3. posterior parietal lobe
Вопрос 111

Put the sentences in the right order:

  1. Mental imagery is often used interchangeably with the term ‘mental image’.
  2. This is misleading in more than one way.
  3. First of all, mental imagery is not necessarily visual.
  4. Just as perception can be visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, gustatory, etc, the same goes for mental imagery.
  5. Auditory mental imagery, for example, plays a crucial role in listening to music.
  6. But it is not an ‘image’ in any meaningful sense of the term.
  7. Second, and even more importantly, not everyone conjures up vivid and distinct images when they have mental imagery.
  8. There are people who, when they close their eyes and visualize an apple, see no ‘images’ in their mind’s eye.
  9. They are referred to as aphantasics, a label that just means that they report no conscious mental imagery.
Вопрос 112

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:

  1. can
  2. we
  3. read
  4. someone’s mind  
  5. with
  6. a
  7. machine
Вопрос 113

Match terms and their definitions:

  1. Visual memory
  2. Imagination
  3. Posterior parietal lobe
  4. Inferior temporal lobe
  5. done in the …, near the bottom of the brain
  6. done in the …, near the top of the brain
  7. is the creation of ideas in your head, composed from ideas, beliefs, and memories
  8. made up of symbols for objects and shapes, textures, distances, and so on, and the relationships between these objects are encoded in these sentence-like entities
Вопрос 114

Personality is thought to be ….

  1. short term and easily changed
  2. a pattern of short-term characteristics
  3. unstable and short term
  4. long term, stable and not easily changed
Вопрос 115

The long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways are known as ….

  1. psychodynamic
  2. temperament
  3. humors
  4. personality
Вопрос 116

… is credited with the first comprehensive theory of personality.

  1. Hippocrates
  2. Gall
  3. Wundt
  4. Freud
Вопрос 117

An early science that tried to correlate personality with measurements of parts of a person’s skull is known as ….

  1. phrenology
  2. psychology
  3. physiology
  4. personality psychology
Вопрос 118

The inventors of The NEO Personality Inventory are …

  1. Costa and McCrae
  2. Mednick and team
  3. Wallach and Kogan
Вопрос 119

Creative individuals are remarkable for their ability to … (Select 2 answers):

  1. adapt
  2. be hyperactive
  3. have low concentration
Вопрос 120

The nomothetic approach involves establishing … or generalizations that apply to everyone.

  1. laws
Вопрос 121

The nomothetic approach typically uses scientific methods such as … and observations to obtain quantitative data. Group averages are statistically analyzed to create predictions about people in general.

  1. experiments
Вопрос 122

From a nomothetic point of view, these are considered to describe the psychologically … of any personality adequately.

  1. Significant aspects
Вопрос 123

… was the first to systematically study and theorize the workings of the unconscious mind in the manner that we associate with modern psychology.

  1. freud;;sigmund freud
Вопрос 124

According to Freud, our personality develops from a(n)… between two forces: our biological aggressive and pleasure-seeking drives versus our internal (socialized) control over these drives.

  1. conflict
Вопрос 125

Match the terms with their definitions:

  1. Sublimation
  2. Repression
  3. Projection
  4. Reaction formation
  5. Redirecting unacceptable desires through socially acceptable channels
  6. Suppressing painful memories and thoughts
  7. Attributing unacceptable desires to others
  8. Reducing anxiety by adopting beliefs contrary to your own
Вопрос 126

Match English terminology with its equivalents in Russian:

  1. Reciprocal determinism
  2. Repression
  3. Levels of consciousness
  4. Self-efficacy
  5. Unstable emotions
  6. Displacement
  7. Inheritance
  8. To resemble
  9. Взаимное определение
  10. Вытеснение
  11. Уровни сознания
  12. Нестабильные эмоции
  13. Самоэффективность
  14. Смещение
  15. Наследование
  16. Напоминать
Вопрос 127

Match the terms and their definitions:

  1. Sibling differences
  2. Personality
  3. Reliability
  4. Validity
  5. exposed to different childhood influences and as a result grew up to have different personalities
  6. the unique, relatively enduring internal and external aspects of a person character that influence behaviour in different situations
  7. the consistency of response to a psychological assessment device
  8. the extent to which the assessment device measures what it is intended to measure
Вопрос 128

Match the terms and their descriptions:

  1. Strongly disagree
  2. Disagree
  3. Neutral
  4. Agree
  5. Strongly agree
  6. The statement is definitely false.
  7. The statement is mostly false.
  8. You cannot decide, or if the statement is about equally true and false.
  9. The statement is mostly true.
  10. The statement is definitely true.
Вопрос 129

Match English sentences and their Russian equivalents:

  1. I’m a ‘worrier’
  2. I make friends easily
  3. I have a vivid imagination
  4. I trust others
  5. I complete tasks successfully
  6. Я постоянно беспокоюсь
  7. Я легко завожу друзей
  8. У меня живое воображение
  9. Я доверяю другим
  10. Я успешно завершаю задания
Вопрос 130

Put these words in order to make a sentence:

  1. Maslow's hierarchy
  2. of needs is a motivational
  3. theory in psychology
  4. comprising a five-tier
  5. model of human needs,
  6. often depicted as hierarchical
  7. levels within a pyramid