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Theory of Management.d(1)

Theory of Management.d(1)

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80 вопросов Вариант 1 Доступ 7 дней
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Вопросы и варианты

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Вопрос 1

… is defined as getting work done through others.

  1. Management
  2. Planning
  3. Organizing
  4. Strategizing
Вопрос 2

When Ruth was hired to be the second-in-command at Graham Mailing Services, she was told that her job was to deal with the employees to make sure they got the mailing done to the customers’ specifications. She was not instructed on how to run machines or in any other technical area because Her was a job in:

  1. marketing
  2. relationship control
  3. management
  4. customer service
Вопрос 3

A manager striving to improve organizational … is accomplishing tasks that help achieve organizational objectives.

  1. efficiency
  2. effectiveness
  3. functionality
  4. synergy
Вопрос 4

Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch two sodas, banking on the low-carb trend. Carb-conscious consumers rejected the drinks en masse. The new brands grabbed a combined market share of less than 1 percent. Given that the objective of both soft drink manufacturers was to increase their market share, the introductions were notably:

  1. synergistic
  2. empathetic
  3. inefficient
  4. autonomous
Вопрос 5

One of the primary reasons for the slow response to help the victims of Hurricane Katrina was an antiquated government system that was bogged down in bureaucratic red tape. In other words, the failure of assistance to arrive in a timely fashion was due to a lack of:

  1. apathy
  2. efficiency
  3. instrumentality
  4. effectiveness
Вопрос 6

is the accomplishment of tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives.

  1. Benchmarking
  2. Optimizing
  3. Efficiency
  4. Effectiveness
Вопрос 7

To achieve its goal of increased market share, Krispy Kreme launched a program in Palm Beach County, Florida, that awards grade-school students a free doughnut for every A on their report cards. Creating this program was primarily the function of which management function? Which management function was used to create this program?

  1. controlling
  2. leading
  3. focusing
  4. planning
Вопрос 8

Nestlé was unsuccessful in early attempts to sell its chocolate in India. It discovered its chocolate bars were not suitable for the Indian markets because the candy had to sit in direct sunlight without benefit of air conditioning and became messy. Nestlé adopted an innovation strategy and developed Chocostick, a liquid chocolate, which is very popular. Solving this problem involved what management function?

  1. planning
  2. meeting the competition
  3. making things happen
  4. organizing people, processes, and projects
Вопрос 9

A manager engaged in the management function of … is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed.

  1. planning
  2. organizing
  3. leading
  4. controlling
Вопрос 10

A business school administrator who is determining what classes will be offered in which rooms and who will teach each specific class is involved in which classical management function?

  1. making things happen
  2. organizing
  3. controlling
  4. motivating
Вопрос 11

After earning $8 billion in profit, Royal Dutch/Shell decided to strive to double its profits within the next five years. Which classical management function would be instrumental in achieving this goal?

  1. motivating
  2. research and development
  3. planning
  4. marketing
Вопрос 12

Planning is ultimately based upon …

  1. how a planner deals with bounded rationality
  2. choosing a goal and developing a method or strategy to achieve that goal
  3. the relationship between organizational line and staff personnel
  4. whether the mission statement is internally or externally oriented
Вопрос 13

One of the benefits of planning is how it …

  1. encourages people to work harder for extended periods
  2. encourages people to try a variety of different ways to do others' jobs
  3. reduces employee turnover
  4. creates a mechanistic environment
Вопрос 14

One of the benefits of planning is how it …

  1. improves vertical integration of departments
  2. encourages people to engage in behaviors directly related to goal accomplishment
  3. encourages people to remain with the company, rather than go to work for the competition
  4. eliminates the need for change agents
Вопрос 15

How does a company benefit from planning?

  1. increased use of groupthink
  2. less solidified group cohesion
  3. more compliance with organizational culture
  4. intensified effort, persistence, direction, and creation of task strategies
Вопрос 16

The use of … in planning produces a false sense of certainty and is often cited as one of the major pitfalls of planning.

  1. assumptions
  2. commitment
  3. detachment
  4. tactics
Вопрос 17

According to the text, which of the following is a pitfall of planning?

  1. the acceptance of sacrificing solutions
  2. a false sense of certainty based on faulty assumptions
  3. the inability of organizational line personnel to accept the long-term benefit of planning
  4. the requirement for expensive employee training before plans can be effectively implemented
Вопрос 18

Which of the following is a possible outcome of planning?

  1. Planning may lead to a mechanistic organizational chart
  2. Planning may harm individual and organizational performance
  3. Planning can eliminate the need for formalization
  4. Planning will allow the company to know about all changes in its external environment before they occur
Вопрос 19

The last step in effective planning is to …

  1. maintain flexibility in planning
  2. develop long-term action plans
  3. develop goal commitment
  4. acculturate the employees
Вопрос 20

According to the S.M.A.R.T. guidelines, goals should be …

  1. Service-oriented
  2. Measurable
  3. Rational
  4. Tactical
Вопрос 21

… is the collection of activities that transform inputs into outputs that customer’s value.

  1. Reengineering
  2. Functionalization
  3. Organizational structure
  4. Organizational process
Вопрос 22

The organizational process …

  1. defines roles not activities
  2. limits the adaptivity of an organization
  3. uses vertical and horizontal departmentalization
  4. is the collection of activities that transform inputs into outputs that customers value
Вопрос 23

While … emphasizes jobs and their authority relationships, … emphasizes the activities through which work gets done in the organization.

  1. departmentalization; functionalization
  2. organizational process; organizational structure
  3. interorganizational process; intraorganizational process
  4. organizational structure; organizational process
Вопрос 24

… departmentalization is defined as organizing work and workers into separate units responsible for particular business functions or areas of expertise.

  1. Functional
  2. Customer
  3. Matrix
  4. Product
Вопрос 25

Kimberly-Clark is subdivided into organizational units called Kimberly-Clark Health Care, which provides products to hospitals, Kimberly-Clark Professional, which sells to businesses, and Kimberly-Clark Consumer, which sells the company’s products to customers. From this information, you know that Kimberly-Clark uses …

  1. hierarchical functionalization
  2. departmentalization
  3. a nonlinear organizational structure
  4. a product layout
Вопрос 26

As a consequence of the Industrial Revolution and its emphasis on specialization, institutions providing higher education developed strict departments that contained specialized functions. This organizational structure was perceived as a way to enhance the accumulation and dissemination of knowledge. Institutions providing higher education have traditionally used …

  1. reengineering
  2. functionalization
  3. departmentalization
  4. functional empowerment
Вопрос 27

… is a general term that refers to subdividing work and workers into separate organizational units that are responsible for completing particular tasks.

  1. Organizational layout
  2. Organizational process
  3. Departmentalization
  4. Job formatting
Вопрос 28

Which of the following statements about functional departmentalization is true?

  1. Functional departmentalization allows work to be done by highly qualified specialists
  2. Functional departmentalization increases costs by reducing duplication
  3. Functional departmentalization complicates communication and coordination for departmental managers
  4. Functional departmentalization requires the same kinds of functional departments in any company
Вопрос 29

Functional departmentalization …

  1. makes it easier for top managers to assess work-unit performance
  2. allows work to be done by highly qualified specialists
  3. produces managers with broader experience and expertise
  4. enhances coordination between departments
Вопрос 30

Disadvantages of … departmentalization include slower decision making, the development of managers and workers with narrow experience and expertise, and makes it more difficult for cross-departmental coordination.

  1. product
  2. customer
  3. geographic
  4. functional
Вопрос 31

According to the text, a(n) … is a small number of people with complementary skills who hold themselves mutually accountable for pursuing a common purpose, achieving performance goals, and improving interdependent work processes.

  1. work team
  2. venture group
  3. semi-structured team
  4. autonomous unit
Вопрос 32

A local hospital ran into a funding problem when it tried to build a new state-of-the-art pediatric unit. The hospital management asked a group of physicians, hospital volunteers, and administrative staff to develop and implement a plan to raise the necessary money. This group of people with complementary skills formed a(n) …

  1. semi-structured team
  2. autonomous unit
  3. work team
  4. functional department
Вопрос 33

How are organizations using teams to help increase customer satisfaction?

  1. by instituting a system of increased formalization throughout the organization
  2. by creating problem-solving teams to study ways to improve customer satisfaction and make recommendations for improvements
  3. by creating outsourcing opportunities that improve organizational effectiveness and efficiency by creating economies of scale
  4. by developing ideal solutions to organizational problems through the use of information management systems (most notably expert systems)
Вопрос 34

An organization engaged in … its work team members is training them in how to do all or most of the jobs performed by the other team members.

  1. cross training
  2. job enlargement
  3. job specialization
  4. Venn training
Вопрос 35

E-Lab (the «E» stands for experience) has project teams perform field research for its clients. These project teams are composed of students of theology, actors, and musicians as well as the more traditional marketing experts and statisticians. Each member of the group is trained to conduct observational research, interview clients, and understand the marketing impact of what they learn. E-Lab uses … to make its project teams more efficient.

  1. synergistic goals
  2. stretch goals
  3. cross training
  4. vestibule training
Вопрос 36

Allen-Edmonds is keeping its shoe manufacturing business in the United States by investing in new machinery and creating new processes. The strategy is a gamble and the outcome is uncertain. To cut costs and improve efficiency, the company's old assembly line is being replaced by a system of employees working in groups, with each person doing several jobs, and each trained to do the others' tasks. Allen-Edmonds' teams are using …

  1. cross training
  2. job enlargement
  3. job specialization
  4. Venn training
Вопрос 37

… occurs when workers withhold their efforts and fail to perform their share of the work.

  1. Self-limiting behavior
  2. Social loafing
  3. De-forming
  4. Stonewalling
Вопрос 38

Which of the following is a potential disadvantage associated with the use of work teams?

  1. commitment to finding an ideal solution that does not exist
  2. initially high employee turnover
  3. lack of creativity in decision making
  4. decreased employee satisfaction
Вопрос 39

… is one of the disadvantages associated with the use of work teams.

  1. Storming behavior
  2. Social loafing
  3. Group negation
  4. Outsourcing
Вопрос 40

Which of the following statements about social loafing is true?

  1. Social loafing only occurs in organizational settings
  2. The consequences of social loafing include a loss of efficiency
  3. Social loafing creates an accommodative decision-making climate
  4. Social loafing preempts the usefulness of brainstorming
Вопрос 41

A modem factory, in the U.S, has 1,200 workers who speak 20 different languages. This factory illustrates …

  1. acculturation
  2. diversity
  3. affirmative action
  4. cultural organization
Вопрос 42

… is a term that describes a situation in organizations when there is a variety of demographic, cultural, and personal differences among the people who work there and the customers who do business there.

  1. Cultural advantage
  2. Affirmative differentiation
  3. Diversity
  4. Cultural proaction
Вопрос 43

The purposeful steps taken by an organization to create employment opportunities for minorities and women is called …

  1. discretionary diversity
  2. affirmative action
  3. organizational plurality
  4. cultural proaction
Вопрос 44

A key difference between affirmative action and diversity is that …

  1. diversity requires a wider span of management
  2. diversity has a broader focus
  3. diversity is legally mandated in all private companies
  4. affirmative action is legally mandated in all private companies
Вопрос 45

Japanese-based Honda Motors recently opened a manufacturing plant in China. The Chinese balked at wearing the standard Honda white uniforms because white in China is a funeral color. The Chinese workers agreed to wear the white uniforms if they could wear gray caps. The compromise made everyone happy. This cultural sensitivity is an example of how … influences organizations.

  1. affirmative action
  2. diversity
  3. proactive segmentation
  4. multiculturalism
Вопрос 46

What action can a medium-sized manufacturing company take if it wants to create a positive work environment; where every employee does his or her best work and individual differences are respected and not just ignored?

  1. remove the glass ceiling
  2. use internal loci of control
  3. create a diversity program
  4. narrow the span of management
Вопрос 47

Companies in several industries are now waking up to the needs of gays and lesbians. They are not only valuable consumers but also great employees who actually help their employers better understand the market. Companies that have hired gays and lesbians more than likely have …

  1. disparity programs
  2. continuous federal agency monitoring
  3. poor codes of ethics
  4. diversity programs
Вопрос 48

Companies in several industries are now waking up to the market needs of gays and lesbians. Through diversity programs, organizations are actively recruiting and hiring gays and lesbians to …

  1. promote business growth
  2. encourage litigation
  3. increase fixed costs
  4. achieve fiscal responsibility goals
Вопрос 49

Which of the following statements explains why diversity actually makes good business sense?

  1. Diversity increases an organization's retained earnings
  2. Diversity helps companies attract and recruit talented employees
  3. Diversity makes individuals whole by returning them to the condition or place they would have been had it not been for discrimination
  4. Diversity allows a company to act with economic responsibility
Вопрос 50

Diversity helps companies grow by …

  1. avoiding conflict between employee groups
  2. preventing discrimination
  3. improving marketplace understanding
  4. complying with federal law
Вопрос 51

According to the text, … is the set of forces that initiates, directs, and makes people persist in their efforts to accomplish a goal.

  1. attitude
  2. self-management
  3. persistence
  4. motivation
Вопрос 52

The three components of … are initiation of effort, direction of effort, and persistence of effort.

  1. compliance
  2. management
  3. motivation
  4. performance
Вопрос 53

According to some industrial psychologists, … is a function of motivation times ability times situational constraints.

  1. leadership skill
  2. creativity
  3. job performance
  4. performance valence
Вопрос 54

Asa and Ruby both sell insurance. Asa is married, has three children, and a new house. Ruby is single and has recently purchased a new Lexus. According to some industrial psychologists …

  1. they will be motivated by the same needs
  2. Asa can be motivated through need, and Ruby cannot
  3. Ruby has no needs
  4. how well their employer motivates them relates directly to their individual needs
Вопрос 55

A sales manager has carefully selected the members of two sales teams so that they have, as nearly as possible, identical skills and abilities. Both are assigned potential customers in the same industry. Both groups are offered the same rewards. One team makes the sale, and the other does not. This information tells you that …

  1. performance and motivation are unrelated
  2. the concept of synergy is faulty
  3. one of the components that leads to job performance was weak
  4. nothing motivates some people
Вопрос 56

A glass of water and shelter from a snowstorm would be examples of …, and a gold necklace and tickets to see professional wrestling would not be.

  1. intangible motivators
  2. perceptional drives
  3. motivational cues
  4. low-order needs
Вопрос 57

On the basis of research evidence, the two basic needs categories are …

  1. tangible and intangible needs
  2. physiological and psychological needs
  3. higher-order and lower-order needs
  4. extrinsic and intrinsic needs
Вопрос 58

According to the model of need satisfaction, an unsatisfied need produces …

  1. tension
  2. high levels of creativity
  3. sacrificing acquisition
  4. problem-solving efficiency
Вопрос 59

Marketers often appeal to consumers' needs as defined by Maslow's hierarchy. A lock manufacturer, shows how much protection its locks provide and a cleaning company developed several types of wipes to eliminate concerns about infectious germs. Both marketers are appealing to which need as defined by Maslow?

  1. achievement
  2. belongingness
  3. safety
  4. physiological needs
Вопрос 60

Which of the following statements about needs is true?

  1. In all situations, higher-order needs can be used to motivate
  2. The importance of lower-order needs is identified by all needs theories
  3. The relative importance of the various needs may change over time in a predictable pattern
  4. Higher-order needs will generally not motivate people as long as lower-order needs remain unsatisfied
Вопрос 61

…is the process of influencing others to achieve group or organizational goals.

  1. management
  2. leadership
  3. interpersonal influence
  4. supervision
  5. autonomy
Вопрос 62

Which of the following is a major concern of managers (as opposed to leaders)?

  1. maintaining the status quo
  2. inspiring and motivating others
  3. taking a long-term view
  4. promoting change
Вопрос 63

Which of the following is a major concern of leaders (as opposed to managers)?

  1. controlling and limiting the choices of others
  2. solving problems so that work can be done
  3. preserving the status quo
  4. inspiring and motivating others
Вопрос 64

Companies whose executives do not try to motivate employees to create long-term solutions to the problems facing the companies are most likely …

  1. are true leaders
  2. are more interested in doing the right thing than doing things right
  3. tend to focus on organizational visions, missions, goals, and objectives rather than organizational efficiency and productivity
  4. are more than likely managers rather than leaders
Вопрос 65

Which of the following statements about leaders and managers is true?

  1. Organizations need both leaders and managers
  2. Leaders are critical to getting out the day-to-day work
  3. Managers are critical to inspiring employees and setting long-term direction
  4. Most organizations place greater emphasis on leadership than on management
Вопрос 66

Relatively stable characteristics such as abilities, psychological motives, or consistent patterns of behavior, form the basis for the … of leadership.

  1. situational theory
  2. behavioral theory
  3. trait theory
  4. expectancy theory
Вопрос 67

Which one of the following traits refers to high levels of effort and is characterized by achievement, motivation, ambition, energy, tenacity, and initiative?

  1. desire to lead
  2. motivational cues
  3. drive
  4. self-confidence
Вопрос 68

Which of the following traits refers to the extent to which leaders are truthful with others?

  1. Honesty
  2. self-confidence
  3. emotional stability
  4. Charisma
Вопрос 69

Oftentimes when an individual is running for a local political office, he or she makes lots of promises. When the individual wins the election and assumes office, he or she is often unable to carry through on political promises, an inability which leads to a perceived problem with …

  1. Honesty
  2. Integrity
  3. Empathy
  4. Drive
Вопрос 70

Leaders who possess the trait of … are more decisive and assertive and more likely to gain others' confidence.

  1. emotional stability
  2. Integrity
  3. self-confidence
  4. Drive
Вопрос 71

The basic control process of business begins with …

  1. either benchmarking or keystoning
  2. the establishment of clear standards of performance
  3. the comparison of actual performance to expected performance
  4. problem identification
Вопрос 72

… is the regulatory process of establishing standards that will achieve organizational goals, comparing actual performance to those standards, and then, if necessary, taking corrective action to restore performance to those standards.

  1. Implementation
  2. Goal-setting
  3. Control
  4. Benchmarking
Вопрос 73

… are a basis of comparison for measuring the extent to which organizational performance is satisfactory or unsatisfactory.

  1. Standards
  2. Potentials
  3. Autonomous goals
  4. Degrees of centralization
Вопрос 74

Companies may determine standards by …

  1. benchmarking other companies
  2. implementing vertical loading
  3. using outsourcing
  4. taking corrective action
Вопрос 75

A report calling for a company to set clear targets to improve fuel economy and to cut factory emissions would want the company to establish emission control …

  1. autonomous measurements
  2. standards
  3. value ratios
  4. dependence measurements
Вопрос 76

… allows a trucking company not only to compare its safety performance with other companies but to also adopt those practices found to be superior.

  1. Benchmarking
  2. Data decentralization
  3. Information processing
  4. Mirroring
Вопрос 77

When Marriott decided to improve the quality of service offered to customers, it asked special corporate guests to comment on the good and bad issues of their stay and also to tell what the competition is doing that is better than Marriott. The Marriott acted accordingly. In other words, it used …

  1. benchmarking
  2. data decentralization
  3. information processing
  4. mirroring
Вопрос 78

A chain of specialty fashion stores has interviewed a sample of its female customers and learned that a customer can be expected to visit the store looking for new merchandise on average every two weeks. The chain of stores was able to set this standard through …

  1. evaluating the standard's capacity to enable goal achievement
  2. benchmarking competitors
  3. listening to customers
  4. outsourcing
Вопрос 79

Control is a(n) … process.

  1. standardized, periodic, and cybernetic
  2. flexible, intermittent, and automated
  3. standardized, periodic, and robotic
  4. continuous, dynamic, and cybernetic
Вопрос 80

Control is a cybernetic process because it …

  1. has a feedback loop
  2. is an intermittent process
  3. is the first management function
  4. uses automated benchmarks